Caching
Caching involves storing frequently accessed data in a temporary storage location to improve performance and reduce the need to access slower storage systems. Deciding when to evict items from the cache when it reaches capacity is a key challenge. If important items are removed, performance can degrade. Some common cache eviction strategies are: Least Recently Used (LRU): Removes items accessed the longest time ago. Least Frequently Used (LFU): Removes items that have been accessed the least number of times. First in First Out (FIFO): Removes the items added the longest time ago. As a real-world example, a library “caches” books at the front that are frequently requested, so that patrons can access them quickly without having to wait for the book to be retrieved from the shelves. ...